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Advanced noun–preposition collocations

You will be able to Use conventional prepositions after abstract nouns in formal English.

Explanation

Abstract nouns frequently occur in fixed combinations with prepositions. Common patterns include reason for, increase in, access to, evidence of and response to.

Examples

Detailed course

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Detailed explanation

Abstract nouns often combine with conventional prepositions. These combinations are frequent in academic, professional and administrative English because they compress complex relationships into concise noun phrases: an increase in demand, access to records, evidence of bias, a response to criticism, responsibility for implementation.

The preposition usually identifies the semantic role of the complement. In an increase in prices, prices are the quantity that increased. In an increase of ten per cent, ten per cent gives the amount. In the reason for the delay, the delay is the situation requiring explanation. In the cause of the delay, the delay is the result produced by the cause. These distinctions are small but important.

Some nouns allow several prepositions with different meanings. A solution to a problem is the means of resolving it; a solution for rural areas is a solution intended for those areas. A relationship between variables presents both variables as linked entities; a relationship with a client describes one party’s connection to another. Demand for a service means that people want the service, while demands on staff are pressures placed upon them.

Nominal style can increase density, but it should not obscure agency. “The implementation of the policy by local authorities” is grammatical, yet “Local authorities implemented the policy” may be clearer. Use noun–preposition structures when they help organise information, refer to an established concept, or connect ideas across sentences.

To improve accuracy, learn the noun together with a typical phrase and compare nearby alternatives. Dictionaries often list the relevant preposition, but context determines which sense is active. When editing, identify the head noun and ask what role the following phrase plays: topic, cause, recipient, amount, object, source or responsibility.

How to form it

Use noun + preposition + noun phrase or -ing clause. Common patterns include reason for, increase in, increase of + amount, access to, evidence of, response to, responsibility for, solution to and demand for. Where several prepositions are possible, match the complement to the intended semantic role.

Learn abstract nouns together with their most common prepositions.

Different prepositions may distinguish the thing affected from the amount of change.

A complement can identify a cause, result, topic, recipient, object or responsibility.

Some nouns permit more than one preposition with a change of meaning.

Use nominal structures selectively; a verb clause may be clearer when agency matters.

Guided examples

The main reason for the delay was a failure in the payment system.

Reason conventionally takes for before the event or situation being explained.

The survey recorded an increase in applications of eighteen per cent.

In introduces the changing quantity, while of introduces the amount of change.

Researchers requested access to the original interview transcripts.

Access takes to before the material or place that can be reached or used.

The inquiry found no evidence of deliberate manipulation.

Evidence takes of before the fact or behaviour that the evidence would demonstrate.

The department issued a detailed response to the external review.

Response takes to before the message, event or criticism being answered.

Responsibility for monitoring the programme lies with the regional office.

Responsibility takes for before the task or activity that someone must manage.

Common mistakes

Not: The reason of the delay was a software failure.

Use: The reason for the delay was a software failure.

The standard collocation is reason for when naming the situation explained.

Not: Students need access at the digital archive.

Use: Students need access to the digital archive.

Access conventionally takes to before the resource.

Not: There was an increase of demand during the summer.

Use: There was an increase in demand during the summer.

Demand is the quantity that changed, so increase in is required.

Not: The committee found evidence for data manipulation.

Use: The committee found evidence of data manipulation.

Evidence of identifies what the evidence indicates; evidence for can mean evidence supporting a theory or claim in a different structure.

Before you practise

  • What is the head noun in the phrase?
  • What role does the complement express: object, cause, amount, recipient or responsibility?
  • Does another preposition create a different meaning?
  • Am I using increase in for the changing quantity and increase of for the amount?
  • Would a direct verb clause be clearer than a dense nominal phrase?

Reading text

Responding to Pressure on a Public Library

About 247 words

A public library reported a sharp increase in demand for digital services. The number of online reservations rose by forty per cent in one year, while requests for printed materials remained stable. Staff welcomed the change but expressed concern about the additional demands on technical support.

The main reason for the increase was a new regional membership scheme. Residents gained access to electronic books, research databases and recorded lectures through one account. Evidence of strong public interest appeared within the first month, when more than three thousand people registered.

The expansion also created problems. The library received complaints about slow access to the catalogue during busy periods. In response to these complaints, the technical team upgraded the servers and introduced a waiting-time indicator. The change produced an improvement in performance of approximately twenty-five per cent. Here, in identifies the area that improved, while of gives the measured amount.

Responsibility for training users was shared between librarians and community volunteers. They developed short workshops as a solution to common difficulties with passwords and downloads. A separate solution for users with visual impairments included screen-reader guidance and accessible file formats.

The final evaluation found no evidence of serious inequality in usage, but it recommended further study of the relationship between age, digital confidence and borrowing habits. The report also warned that the demands on staff could continue to grow. Its response to that risk was a proposal for permanent technical posts and clearer responsibility for maintaining the online platform.

Reading comprehension

  1. What caused the increase in demand for digital services?

    Show answer

    A new regional membership scheme gave residents access to online resources.

  2. How did the library respond to complaints about the catalogue?

    Show answer

    It upgraded the servers and introduced a waiting-time indicator.

  3. What solution was designed for users with visual impairments?

    Show answer

    Screen-reader guidance and accessible file formats.

  4. What staffing change did the final report recommend?

    Show answer

    Permanent technical posts and clearer maintenance responsibilities.

Grammar in the text

  1. increase in demand for digital services

    Increase in identifies the changing quantity; demand for identifies the service people want.

  2. access to electronic books

    Access takes to before the resource made available.

  3. improvement in performance of approximately twenty-five per cent

    In names the area improved, and of names the amount.

  4. responsibility for maintaining the online platform

    Responsibility takes for before the activity that must be managed.

Listening practice

Watch a TEDx talk

“How to speak so that people want to listen” — Julian Treasure (TED). Listen for clear, natural English and pick up new vocabulary while you review this grammar point.

Check your understanding

Which of these is one of Julian Treasure's “seven deadly sins of speaking”?

Check your understanding

What does the acronym HAIL stand for in Treasure's four cornerstones of powerful speaking?

Practice

Choose the best answer. The report identifies a substantial increase ___ operating costs.

Practice

Choose the best answer. Only authorised staff have access ___ the confidential database.

Practice

Choose the best answer. Investigators found no evidence ___ external interference.

Written practice

Produce the answer yourself. Capitalisation and final punctuation do not affect validation, but the grammar and word order must be correct.

Short answer

Written practice

Complete the sentence with the correct preposition.

There was a sharp increase ___ demand.